Blundering plan leaves 11 rhino dead in Kenya

It was a disaster that left wildlife lovers around the globe appalled and baffled.

Eleven of Kenya’s precious black rhinos were transferred to a new home in what was supposed to be a routine operation in a country fabled for its conservation. So how did all of them end up dead?

The primary cause of death, an official report found, was due to toxic levels of salt in the water of their sanctuary.

But an investigation has found that the problem was well known and deep concerns were ignored. Experts sounded repeated warnings about the site’s unsuitability. Yet the relocation project was pushed through — and officials are now blaming each other for the fiasco.

The translocation was launched with great fanfare in late June by Kenya’s tourism and wildlife minister, Najib Balala, and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), which donated a million dollars for the project.

Dubbed #TheBigMove, the operation would help ensure the survival of a species brutally depleted by poaching.

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) describes the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) as critically endangered and one step away from being extinct in the wild.

Rhino from parks in Nairobi and Nakuru were sedated, loaded and transported to a new sanctuary in Tsavo East, a project that the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) and WWF had spent six years preparing.

There, the rhino drank borehole water so salty that it corroded a metal grill around the pump valve, and no other wildlife would come near it, said Dr Benson Kibore, head of Kenya’s Union of Veterinary Practitioners. The saline water made the animals thirstier, pushing them to drink more, drawing water out of their body tissue, thickening and slowing their blood. They were “desiccated,” said Kibore.

In October 2017, the KWS board gave conditional approval for the translocation pending improved conditions at the site.

The board’s mandate expired in April 2018. By that time, the green light for the translocation had still not been given.

Even so, the operation went ahead three months later — in the absence of a new board.

Evidence of the tussle over the translocation comes from a meeting in May 2017 attended by KWS officials and WWF’s chief rhino expert, Martin Mulama.

Two sets of minutes were written. The first made no mention of concerns, but was amended after complaints, leading to a second version that included the warning: “The prevailing habitat could not allow any translocation to take place.”

A series of 15 water assessments by KWS, conducted between February and May this year, indicated that the water was at times up to three times saltier than recommended levels. But Kibore claims that these crucial documents were not provided to vets even when the first rhino fell sick.

As a result, the vets wasted valuable time looking for other causes, such as a snake bite.

WWF’s Mulama strongly denied pressuring anyone to push ahead with the translocation and insisted that sole responsibility lay with the KWS. The WWF, he said, was not aware of problems with the sanctuary and had received “regular assurances from KWS that the site was suitable and safe.”

“At no time would we do anything detrimental to species we were protecting,” Mulama said.